试题与答案

1岁女婴,患肺炎伴腹泻2周,进食少,近3天嗜睡、乏力、头竖不直。查体:体重7kg,表

题型:单项选择题 A3/A4型题

题目:

1岁女婴,患肺炎伴腹泻2周,进食少,近3天嗜睡、乏力、头竖不直。查体:体重7kg,表情淡漠,唇裂,面色灰白,呼吸不规则,约30次/分,双肺呼吸音粗,可闻及干湿啰音。心率92次/分,律齐,心音低钝,腹胀,肠鸣音减弱,皮肤弹性减退,皮下脂肪厚0.4cm,膝反射未引出。

若检查结果为:血pH7.31,血钠130mmol/L,血钾3.3mmol/L,血钙2.5mmol/L,U波低平。最佳措施为()

A.口服氯化钾

B.静滴碳酸氢钠

C.静注高渗葡萄糖

D.静注葡萄糖酸钙

E.静滴0.3%氯化钾

答案:

参考答案:E

解析:

低钾血症治疗原则:主要治疗原发病及补充钾盐。每日氯化钾剂量约为3~4mmol/kg,分次口服;严重低钾需静脉点滴,液体中钾的浓度不超过0.3%,切忌静脉推注。

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